Anche Zoltan Poszar, guru di Credit Suisse, torna sull’importanza del gas neon nella delicata filiera dei semiconduttori. L’Ucraina produce quasi il 60% di tutto il neon utilizzato per i laser di precisione che incidono i wafer di silicio da cui si producono i semiconduttori. A causa del conflitto, le principali aziende, Ingas e Cryoin, hanno sospeso l’attività e la fornitura di neon. Le riserve di gas neon sono al limite e l’impatto sui produttori di microchip potrebbe essere devastante. Venerdì Zoltan Poszer, guru di Credit Suisse, è tornato sull’argomento nel suo bollettino settimanale:
“I produttori di chip utilizzano gas neon per azionare laser ad alta precisione che trasformano il silicio in circuiti, attraverso un processo chiamato litografia. La litografia prevede l’uso di laser per incidere minuscoli delicati motivi sul vetro: è così che i wafer di silicio vengono trasformati in fogli di chip.
I produttori devono controllare l’esatta lunghezza d’onda della luce emessa dai loro laser, che è ciò per cui viene utilizzato il gas neon: per fungere da “gas tampone” per controllare la lunghezza d’onda del laser per la litografia.
I produttori di chip assorbono circa il 75% della domanda globale di neon, che è tantissimo, e due dei cinque maggiori produttori di gas al neon al mondo, Ingas e Cryoin Engineering, hanno entrambi sede in Ucraina. Lo stabilimento di Ingas a Mariupol si trova a otto minuti di macchina dall’acciaieria Azovstal, quello di Cryoin si trova a Odessa. I due stabilimenti forniscono metà del neon mondiale per semiconduttori (vedi qui).
L’Ucraina meridionale è quindi il punto di strozzatura n. 1: una strozzatura del gas al neon.
Mentre Odessa (sede di Cryoin Engineering) non è sotto il controllo russo (è inserita proprio tra la Transnistria, una repubblica separatista filo-russa in Moldova a sinistra e le regioni dell’Ucraina meridionale già sotto il controllo russo controllo a destra). La metà della fornitura mondiale di neon potrebbe quindi diventare presto sotto il controllo russo, il che è importante da capire dato che le società di chip e gli analisti del settore affermano che rimangono appena da uno a sei mesi di gas neon di riserva (vedi qui). Quindi, per riassumere:
la Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) è in calo e non è facile da riempire; anche la “Strategic Neon Reserve” è in calo e non è facile da riempire. Questo è un bel problema e i produttori di chip di Taiwan, Corea del Sud e Giappone si trovano in mezzo a tutto questo.
Niente neon, niente chip”.
Tratto da: Giubbe Rosse
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